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zoot suit riots
The Zoot Suit Riots were a series of racial attacks in 1943 during World War II that broke out in Los Angeles, California, during a period when many migrants arrived for the defense effort and newly assigned servicemen flooded the city. United States Sailors and Marines attacked Mexican youths, recognizable by the zoot suits they favored, as being unpatriotic. American military personnel and Mexicans were the main parties in the riots; servicemen attacked some African American and Filipino/Filipino American youths as well, who also took up the zoot suits.〔 (originally delivered as a talk at the ''9th Biennial Filipino American National Historical Society Conference'' in Los Angeles on July 27, 2002.)〕 The Zoot Suit Riots were related to fears and hostilities aroused by the coverage of the Sleepy Lagoon murder trial, following the killing of a young Latino man in a barrio near Los Angeles. The riot appeared to trigger similar attacks that year against Latinos in Chicago, San Diego, Oakland, Evansville, Philadelphia, and New York City.
==History==
The zoot suit riots began in Los Angeles, California during a period of rising tensions between American servicemen stationed in Southern California and Mexican-American youths in the city, which had a large ethnic Mexican-American population. Many had ancestors who had been in the area prior to California being annexed by the United States. By the time of the riot, the United States military had already forced the evacuation of more than 120,000 Japanese Americans, two-thirds of them native-born, from the West Coast to inland internment camps.
Although Mexican-American men were over-represented in the military as a percentage of their population,〔Some 500,000 Mexican Americans served in the U.S. armed services (around 17% of their population compared to under 10% for the general public) where they had the highest percentage of Congressional Medal of Honor winners (17) of any minority in the United States. Between 1942 and 1967, over four million Mexicans and Puerto Ricans were contracted by the United States under the Bracero Program to alleviate the labor shortage caused by WWII.〕 many European-American servicemen resented the sight of young Latinos wearing clothing which they considered extravagant (and therefore unpatriotic) during wartime after clothing restrictions had been published.〔("Los Angeles Zoot Suit Riots" ), ''Los Angeles Almanac''〕 Many of the servicemen were from areas of the country with little experience or knowledge of Mexican-American culture.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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